Uyayazi i-imeyili. Othile uthumela i-PDF engu-4MB yomdwebo owaskenwa ngo-2004 kusuka ephepheni elase livele lifiphele, linendandatho yekhofi ekhoneni kanye nepeni elibomvu lezizukulwane ezintathu phezu kwalo. Umyalezo uthi: “Ungakwenza lokhu kube yinto esebenzisekayo?”
Futhi nansi-ke — ingxenye yomsebenzi akekho oyifaka kuphothifoliyo. Ngoba umdwebo oskeniwe awuyona i-CAD. Yisithombe somdwebo. Ungawusondeza, ungawuphrinta, ungabhekabheka ubukhulu bese uphikisana ngokuthi ngabe lokho kungu-6 noma u-8. Ongakwazi ukukwenza ukuwuhlela, ukukala kuwo ngokuthembekile, noma ukuwuphonsa ohlelweni lokusebenza oluphela emshinini we-CNC. Ukuwuguqula ube yinto ongasebenza ngayo empeleni akusikho ukulandelela. Kuwukubuyisa ulwazi lomklamo olusebenzisekayo esithombeni esiyisicaba, nokuthi lokho kwenziwa kahle kangakanani kunquma ukuthi yonke into engezansi yakhiwe phezu kwe-geometry eqinile noma ngokuqagela.
Ukuskena Akuyona Ifayela le-CAD
Lo mehluko ubhidlika njalo, ngokuvamile ngabantu abangasebenzi ku-CAD. Isithombe se-raster, ipulani eskeniwe, ukuthunyelwa kwe-PDF - konke lokhu kuyizithombe. Azinawo ama-geometry, azinazo izendlalelo, azinazo izilinganiso ezihlelekayo, azinawo amabhlogo, azinawo isakhiwo. I-vector PDF ingcono kancane ngokuthi into ethile iyi -vector, kodwa ayihlelwa ngendlela umuntu odwebayo angayibiza ngokuthi i-CAD.
I-DWG noma i-DXF ehlelekayo iyisilwane esihlukile: umsebenzi wangempela onezindawo zokugcina eziqhekekayo, ama-arcs empeleni angama-arcs, ubukhulu obuxhunywe ku-geometry, izendlalelo ezisho okuthile, izichasiselo ongazifunda futhi uzibuyekeze. I-Viewable akusho ukuthi ingasetshenziswa, futhi leso sikhala yilapho amaphrojekthi elahlekelwa khona izinsuku buthule. Lapho amapulani amadala, ama-PDF amakiwe, noma imidwebo yesitolo esiskeniwe kuseyirekhodi kuphela lengxenye, i-fixture, imininingwane yesakhiwo, noma iphakheji yokwenziwa, ukuguqulwa kwe-scan kuya ku-CAD kuba ibhuloho phakathi kwesithombe se-flat raster kanye nefayela le-DWG noma le-DXF elihlelekayo iqembu lokuklama elingalisebenzisa ngempela. Ibhuloho libalulekile ngoba konke ngemva kwalo - ukumodela, ukubuyekeza, i-CAM, ukuhlanganisa - kuthatha ukuthi i-geometry engezansi ithembekile.
Kungani Imidwebo Emidala Iqhubeka Ivela
Uma uzibuza ukuthi kungani lokhu kuseyinkinga enkathini ye-cloud CAD kanye nomklamo wokukhiqiza, impendulo iwukuthi amafayela omthombo ayanyamalala futhi iphepha alinyamalali. Izinkampani ziyathengwa. Amalayisense esofthiwe ayaphelelwa yisikhathi. I-hard drive yomunye umuntu yango-1998 ayisekho. Unjiniyela owaklama le ngxenye wathatha umhlalaphansi eminyakeni eyishumi edlule. Okusindile ukuphrinta.
Ngakho-ke amaqembu athola ulwazi oludala njalo: ingxenye yefa esathunyelwa futhi edinga ushintsho oluncane, umkhiqizo ongasasebenzi obuyayo ukuze uklanywe kabusha, ukuhlelwa komshini wesitshalo esilungiswa kabusha, imidwebo yesitolo samakhabethe sephakheji yomshini wokugaya enwetshwayo, izakhiwo ezakhiwe njengerekhodi kuphela lalokho okungemuva kodonga, i-PDF ebhalwe phansi evela ekuvuselelweni, umdwebo wesandla wento yokwenziwa, ishidi lemininingwane elidala elinombono wokubekezelelana okudingeka uwuhloniphe. Akukho nokukodwa okuza namafayela endabuko. Konke kudinga ukondla umsebenzi wesimanje.
Lapho Ukukhiqizwa Kwe-Vector Okuzenzakalelayo Kuwohloka Khona
Masibe nobulungiswa ekwenzeni okuzenzakalelayo: amathuluzi e-raster-to-vector athuthuke kakhulu, futhi ekuskeni okuhlanzekile, okunemibono eminingi komdwebo olula enza umsebenzi omuhle. Inkinga iqala lapho okokufaka kungcolile emhlabeni wangempela, okuyinto evame ukuba yiyo.
Ukuhlelwa kabi kwe-vector kungenza ukungcola okubonakala kuhlanzekile. Uthola izingxenye zemigqa eziphukile ezibukeka ziqhubeka ezingeni lokuqala le-zoom bese ziyawa uma uzama ukuzithinta. Ama-arcs aguqulwa abe izingxenye eziningi ezincane eziqondile. I-geometry ephindwe kabili ebekwe phezu kwayo. Umbhalo udlula ku-OCR oguqula u-3 abe ngu-8 ngobukhulu osuzowusebenzisa. Akukho logic yesendlalelo nhlobo - yonke into yokugcina ku-Layer 0. Amaphethini e-Hatch aqhuma abe izinkulungwane zemigqa ngayinye. Isisindo semigqa silahlekile noma singahleliwe. Umsindo wangemuva, amachashazi, kanye nezinto zobuciko zokuskena ziguqulwe zibe yi-geometry ngentshiseko efanayo nomdwebo wangempela. Ukuskena okugobile okulahla isikali buthule eshidini. Futhi ama-markups - imigqa ebomvu, amafu okubuyekeza, inothi elibhalwe ngesandla lothile - ahlanganiswe nomsebenzi womugqa njengokungathi ayingxenye yomklamo.
Inkinga ejulile ukuthi ukuzenzekela kufunda amaphikseli, hhayi ngenhloso. Akwazi ukuthi umugqa ongabonakali uwumugqa ophakathi kunokuba unqenqema, ukuthi inothi elifiphele lithathelwe indawo yileli elisha, noma ukuthi ubukhulu obungekho bungatholakala ngesici esilinganayo. Leso isahlulelo, futhi isahlulelo yilapho umuntu odwebayo esathola khona imali yakhe.
Okufanele Kufakwe Ifayela Le-CAD Eliguquliwe Elihlanzekile
Uma uthola amafayela aguquliwe — ngaphakathi noma kumthengisi — kufanelekile ukucacisa ukuthi kusho ukuthini ukuthi “kwenziwe”. Ukuguqulwa okuhlanzekile kufanele kubuye nesilinganiso esifanele esiqinisekisiwe ngokumelene nobukhulu obaziwayo, umugqa oqhubekayo ohlanzekile, izendlalelo ezihlelwe ngokwezinga elinengqondo, ubukhulu obunembile, izichasiselo ezifundekayo, ibhulokhi yesihloko engaguquki, ukuhlelwa komdwebo okugciniwe, amabhulokhi asetshenziswa lapho ukuphindaphinda kuwadinga khona, ama-arcs nama-curve njenge-arcs nama-curve angempela, amayunithi afanele, izinsimbi zomugqa ezihambisanayo, akukho msindo we-raster osele ontanta efayeleni, amanothi okubuyekeza adluliselwa ngokusobala, kanye nomphumela nganoma iyiphi ifomethi iqembu lakho elisebenza kuyo ngempela.
Lolo hlu luyadina. I-Clean CAD iyadina ngendlela engcono kakhulu: iyasebenza, futhi akekho okufanele acabange ngayo futhi.
Skena ku-CAD ukuze uthole umklamo womkhiqizo kanye ne-Prototyping
Kumaqembu omkhiqizo, inkokhelo iqondile. Uphinda udale umdwebo wengxenye endala ukuze ukwazi ukuwumodela kahle. Ulungiselela i-geometry okumele iye ku-CNC, lapho i-arc engalungile iba yi-billet elahliwe. Ubuyekeza amadokhumenti akudala ngoba umhlinzeki ushintshile futhi omusha udinga iphakheji yokudweba yangempela, hhayi ikhophi. Uguqula umdwebo wesandla we-prototype fixture ube yinto ongayilinganisa futhi uyiphindaphinde. Usebenzisa umdwebo omdala njengendawo yokuqala yemodeli ye-3D kunokulinganisa ingxenye ebonakalayo ngama-caliper bese uthemba.
Isizathu sokuthi ikhwalithi ibaluleke kakhulu lapha kunanoma yikuphi: uma i-geometry ingalungile ekuqaleni, isinyathelo ngasinye esingezansi sizuza iphutha. Lowo mugqa omubi uhamba usuka ku-CAD uye ku-CAM, ungene endleleni yamathuluzi, ungene engxenyeni, bese uthola ngakho ngokuhlolwa. Ukulungisa i-geometry kusenesikhathi kushibhile kakhulu kunokulungisa izingxenye sekwephuzile.
Skena ku-CAD ukuze uthole Ukukhiqiza, Umshini Wokugaya, kanye Nemidwebo Yesitolo
Umqondo ofanayo usebenza emsebenzini wesitolo nowokwenza, lapho imidwebo iyinto etholakala khona ngempela futhi ukunemba kuyisivumelwano. Imidwebo yamakhabethe, imininingwane yefenisha, amapulani okufakwa, ukuphakama kwangaphakathi, imidwebo yokufaka, imibhalo yokulungiselela i-CNC - okuningi kwalokhu kukhona njengamashidi amadala adinga ukwelulwa, ukubuyekezwa, noma ukufaniswa nesigaba esisha.
Isitolo esingadonsa iphakheji yomshini wokugaya endala sibe yi-CAD ehlanzekile, ehlelekayo singacaphuna ngokushesha, sidle izingxenye kahle, futhi sishintshe imininingwane ngaphandle kokudweba kabusha ishidi kusukela ekuqaleni. Umuntu osebenza ngokuskena ulinganisa okuphrintiwe futhi enethemba lokuthi okuphrintiwe kuzolinganiswa kahle, okuyindlela enhle yokwakha into ecishe ifane.
Skena ku-CAD ukuze uthole izakhiwo, izinsiza, kanye nezakhiwo ezisakhiwe
Imibhalo yesakhiwo nesakhiwo inenkinga efanayo ngezinga elikhulu. Amapulani ezitezi eziskeniwe, amarekhodi amadala okuvuselela, ukwakheka kwe-MEP, amapulani endawo, ukuphakama, izingxenye, kanye namaphepha emininingwane ngokuvamile akhona ephepheni noma njengama-PDF askeniwe ephepheni. Imidwebo yamaphepha, amaskeni, kanye nama-PDF kungadwetshwa kabusha kumafayela e-DWG anembile ukuze i-geometry kanye nobukhulu kuhlale kuthembekile - okuyiyona nto ebalulekile lapho umdwebo uzokwazisa ngokubhidlizwa, ukuhlelwa kabusha, noma ukufakwa.
Kunoma ubani ophethe ingobo yomlando yesikhungo, ukuguqula i-backlog kuxazulula inkinga yokulawula inguqulo. Amafayela ahlelekayo angabuyekezwa futhi alandelwe. Idrowa lokuphrinta alikwazi.
Indlela Yokulungisa Amafayela Omthombo Ngaphambi Kokuguqulwa
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ukwenza lokhu ngaphakathi noma ukukuthumela, ikhwalithi yokufaka ivala ikhwalithi yokuphuma. Skena ngesisombululo esiphezulu, isicaba, ngokukhanya okulinganayo — azikho izithombe zefoni nge-engeli, azikho izithunzi kulo lonke ishidi. Faka ikhasi ngalinye, kufaka phakathi lawo abukeka njengezithombe eziphindaphindwayo. Nikeza ubukhulu obaziwayo ifayela eliguquliwe elingahlolwa ngokumelene nalo, bese usho isikali esidingekayo. Hlukanisa amamaki amadala emiyalweni yamanje ukuze kungabikho muntu oqagela ukuthi yimuphi umugqa obomvu obukhoma. Khomba indinganiso ye-CAD eqondiwe, cacisa amayunithi, chaza isakhiwo sesendlalelo osifunayo, cacisa ifomethi yokuphuma, bese unikeza umdwebo wesampula obonisa amazinga akho uma unawo.
Imizuzu eyishumi echithwe kulokhu isindisa umjikelezo wokubuyekeza kamuva, njalo.
Ukulawulwa Kwekhwalithi Ngaphambi Kokusebenzisa Ifayela Eliguquliwe
Ungalokothi uthathe i-DWG eguquliwe ngokholo. Ngaphambi kokuba inikeze noma yini yangempela, yihlole:
- Ingabe isikali sifana nobukhulu obaziwayo obulinganise ngokuzimela?
- Ingabe ubukhulu obubalulekile buthembekile, abugcini nje ngokuba khona?
- Ingabe izendlalelo zihlelwe ngendlela enengqondo futhi ngokwezinga lakho?
- Ingabe ama-arcs nama-curve abushelelezi, noma ahlukaniswe yi-vectorization embi?
- Ingabe izimpawu namanothi afundeka kalula futhi abhalwe ngendlela efanele?
- Ingabe izindawo ezingekho noma ezingafundeki ziphawulwe kunokuthi zisungulwe?
- Ingabe ama-markup ahunyushwe kahle — futhi ingabe lawo athathelwe indawo ayehliswa?
- Ingabe ifayela lihlanzekile ngokwanele ukuze lisebenze phansi, noma ligcwele i-geometry elahlekile?
- Ingabe umdwebo uyahambisana nokusetshenziswa kwawo okuhlosiwe?
Lapho Ukuguqulwa Kukufanelekela Ukunikezwa Kwangaphandle
Ngezinye izikhathi kunengqondo ukwenza lokhu ngaphakathi, ikakhulukazi ephepheni elilodwa olazi kahle. Kunengqondo kakhulu ukuthumela ngaphandle uma ivolumu iphezulu, imidwebo iyinkimbinkimbi, ukunemba kubaluleke kakhulu, abasebenzi bakho be-CAD sebevele bebhukelwe umsebenzi okhokhiswayo, ikhwalithi yokuskena ayinhle ngokwanele ukuthi idinga ukudweba kabusha kwangempela, amafayela kufanele afike esakhiweni sesendlalelo esijwayelekile, umphumela uya ekwakhiweni, noma uguqula yonke ingobo yomlando yesikhathi esisodwa. Umbuzo womthamo nokuvumelana ungaphezu kombuzo womthamo.
Ukuguqulwa kwe-Scan kuya ku-CAD akukuhle. Akekho owethula engqungqutheleni. Kodwa kungenye yalezo zinyathelo zomsebenzi ezingavamile ezinquma buthule ukuthi iphrojekthi isebenza nge-geometry eqinile noma phezu kwenqwaba yezinkolelo ezenziwe ngumuntu ngenkathi ebheka ukuskena okubi. Yenza kahle bese inyamalala - yilokho kanye okufanele kwenziwe yimibhalo emihle.
