Imakethe yomhlinzeki wesevisi ye-inthanethi ingase ibonakale igcwele. Nokho, izinsiza ezihlinzekwa ama-ISPs ziyehluka ezweni lonke. Iningi labasebenzisi be-inthanethi lijabulela i-broadband enesivinini esikhulu, kodwa abanye basasebenza ngokudayela.
Abasebenzisi abaningi banikezwa amagama amakhulu njenge-AT&T. Kodwa, abantu abaningi basazabalaza ukuthola i-inthanethi enesivinini esikhulu ngenxa yendawo abahlala kuyo.
Kungase kube nesidingo sama-ISP engeziwe kwezinye izindawo. Noma, kungenzeka ukuthi ama-ISP akhona adinga ukwandisa ukufakwa kwawo.
Mangaki ama-ISP asebenza ezifundazweni?
Idatha ezungeze ama-ISP ihluka kakhulu. Omunye umbiko ukhombisa ukuthi kunamabhizinisi ayi-7,000 ahlinzeka ngezinsizakalo ze-inthanethi ezifundazweni manje. Ngenkathi ezinye izifundo zibeka inani eliphansi kakhulu.
Idatha esemthethweni ye-FCC kusukela ngo-2021 ikhombisa ukuthi ama-ISP angu-2,201 ayesebenza. Imboni yabahlinzeki bezinsizakalo ze-inthanethi iqashe abantu abangaphezu kuka-280,000. Futhi lo mkhakha ubiza ngaphezu kwezigidigidi eziyi-143 zamaRandi.
Amagama agqama kakhulu kwezokuxhumana, okuhlanganisa i-Verizon ne-Comcast, ahlinzeka ngamasevisi e-inthanethi. Kodwa, ama-ISP amaningi amancane anikeza isevisi yendawo efaneleka kakhulu emiphakathini ethile.
Ezindaweni zasemakhaya njengaseKentucky, I-Broadlinc ihlose ukuletha i-broadband esheshayo emadolobheni akude. I-Broadband yesivinini esiphezulu iseyinkinga ezindaweni eziningi. Izivinini zokulanda abasebenzisi be-inthanethi abahlangabezana nazo ziyahlukahluka ezifundeni zonkana.
Ingabe wonke ama-ISP ahlinzeka ngesivinini esifanayo sokulanda?
Noma iyiphi i-ISP ebiza usawoti wayo ifuna amakhasimende ayo aneliseke. Ukushintsha ama-ISP akulula neze, futhi ngezingosi zokuqhathanisa, abathengi bangathola amadili angcono kakhulu kalula.
Nokho, izingxenye ezihlukene zase-US zithola isivinini sokulanda esihluke kakhulu. I-Delaware kuthiwa inesivinini esisheshayo esimaphakathi sokulanda ku-145.8 Mbps.
I-Rural America ngokwesiko ibe nesikhathi esinzima ngokufinyelela i-inthanethi. Futhi abasebenzisi abaningi bathole ukuthi ukuthola isivinini esikhulu kubiza kakhulu kunasemadolobheni. Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, abasebenzisi be-inthanethi e-Saguache County baba nenhlanhla yokubona isivinini sokulanda esingu-12 Mbps. Ukuze kujabulele lesi sivinini esisuka kude nesiphezulu, amakhasimende akhokhele inani eliphindwe izikhathi ezi-3 kunenani labantu abahlala emadolobheni abebelibhekile nge-broadband eshesha kakhulu.
Ama-ISP amaningi ezindaweni ezifana neSaguache County azoletha ukuncintisana. Futhi lokhu kungase kukhuthaze ama-ISP ukuthi atshale kungqalasizinda ye-broadband yomhlaba.
Yiziphi izinkonzo ezivame ukuhlinzekwa yi-ISP?
Kwakukhona isikhathi lapho ukudayela kwakuwukuphela kwenketho. Amabhizinisi afana ne-AOL anikeze amakhasimende imodemu ukuze axhume kusokhethi yefoni ukuze enze uxhumano.
Manje ama-ISP anikeza ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi okusheshayo kanye nezinsiza ezengeziwe. I-ISP ingase inikeze izinqwaba ze-inthanethi ne-TV. Bangase futhi banikeze izinsizakalo zocingo.
Amasevisi namadivayisi anikezwe ama-ISP angafaka lokhu:
- Hambayo
- TV
- Internet
- imeyili
- router
- modem
- Cable
- I-DSL engenantambo
- Isathelayithi
- Cofa-up
- Amasevisi esikhungo sedatha
- Ukubhaliswa kwegama lesizinda
- Ukubamba iwebhu
Uxhumano lwe-inthanethi oluhle lunganikeza ikhaya nazo zonke izidingo zalo zokuxhumana nezokuzijabulisa. I-Broadband enesivinini esiphezulu ivumela ividiyo esakazwayo engaphazanyiswa izokhonjiswa kumabonakude kanye nemidlalo ye-inthanethi yamahhala.
Ingabe abahlinzeki besevisi ye-inthanethi abengeziwe bayadingeka e-States?
Akuwona wonke ama-ISP anikeza zonke izinsizakalo zawo kuwo wonke amakhasimende. Ukuze ifakwe kusigaba njenge-broadband, isivinini esithile sokulanda nokulayisha sidinga ukufinyelelwa. Kwezinye izingxenye ze-US, lokhu akukenzeki okwamanje. Ngakho-ke, amakhasimende amabili e-ISP ezindaweni ezahlukene angase abe nesivinini esihlukile sokulanda.
Kunesidingo sama-ISP engeziwe ukuze atshale imali ekubekeni i-fiber optics futhi andise ukutholakala ezindaweni ezikude. Amanye ama-ISP anentshisekelo encane kubantu abancane kunabanye. Lokhu kushiye imiphakathi eminingi nalabo abazoba abasebenzisi be-inthanethi bengenawo ama-broadband nanoma yikuphi ukufinyelela nhlobo.
Yiziphi izindawo ezidinga ama-ISP amaningi kakhulu?
Izindawo ezithinteke kakhulu e-US yizindawo zasemakhaya nezizwe. Idatha evela ku-Pew Research Center ikhombisa ukuthi u-24% wezakhamizi zasemakhaya zinezinkinga ezinkulu ngokufinyelela kwe-broadband. Cishe abantu abayizigidi eziyi-14 abahlala ezindaweni zasemakhaya abanawo ama-broadband anesivinini esikhulu. Futhi cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yalabo abahlala emazweni ezizwe azikwazi ukungena.
Kunezindawo lapho kuphela u-8% wabantu abane-inthanethi. Akufanele kube khona ukuqhathanisa phakathi Ukungena kwe-inthanethi kwe-Eritrea kanye ne-US, lapho uxhaso lutholakala khona.
Izindawo e-US ezinezakhamuzi ezihlakazekile noma isibalo esincane sabantu nazo azikho kuma-ISP ongakhetha kuzo. Abantu abaningi ezindaweni zasemakhaya basaxhuma ngokudayela ukuze baxhumeke ku-inthanethi. Ngo-2023, lokhu akulungile ngokwanele.
Kungani izindawo zasemaphandleni e-US zidonsa kanzima ukuthola i-broadband?
Ukubeka izintambo ze-fiber optic kuhilela izinto ezibizayo kanye nomsebenzi. Amanye ama-ISP angase acabangele ukwandisa ukukhava ezindaweni zasemakhaya ukuze kungabi namandla ngokwezezimali. Indawo esezindaweni ezikude nayo iyinselele.
Izithiyo ezibonakalayo nendawo eqinile zivimbela ama-ISP afuna ukwandisa ukusabalala kwe-broadband. I-non-line of sight ivimba amasignali angenantambo, futhi izindawo zasemaphandleni zigcwele imigoqo ngale ndlela.
Uxhaso kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali kube yizinkinga esikhathini esidlule. Ukwehlukana phakathi kwezindawo zasemadolobheni uma kuqhathaniswa nezifunda zasemakhaya kube sobala. Amanye ama-ISP abone inani elincane ezindaweni zasemakhaya kunasemadolobheni.
Lokhu kuholele ekutheni abantu bathembele ekungeneni kwe-inthanethi yeselula, ukudayela, futhi kwezinye izimo, ukuxhumana ngesathelayithi.
Kungani kunesidingo se-broadband yasemhlabeni lapho isathelayithi neselula kutholakala?
Isathelayithi kanye neselula zinikeza ezinye izinketho ezimbili kubahlali basemaphandleni kanye nezizwe. Kodwa-ke, bobabili banezinkinga ngezinsizakalo ze-broadband ezingaguquki.
I-inthanethi yesathelayithi
I-inthanethi yesathelayithi ihlanganisa cishe yonke iplanethi. Ngisho nezakhamuzi ezikude kakhulu e-US zingasebenzisa i-inthanethi yesathelayithi.
I-inthanethi yesathelayithi ilungele abasebenzisi basemakhaya abangenayo enye inketho. Kodwa, isathelayithi iza nokubi okuthile. Ukusebenzisa i-inthanethi ngesathelayithi kungase kuphazamise esimweni sezulu esibi futhi kubize.
Izivinini zokulanda ngesathelayithi zihamba kancane kunekhebula noma ifayibha, futhi amanani ngokuvamile aphezulu kune-inthanethi yasemhlabeni. Ama-VPN awakwazi ukusetshenziswa ne-inthanethi yesethelayithi okuholela ekuxhumekeni okuvikeleke kancane. Futhi, idatha ivamise ukugoqwa ngokuqinile.
Inthanethi yeselula
Abantu abangaphezu kwamaphesenti angama-92 basebenzisa ama-smartphone ukuze baxhumeke ku-inthanethi. Abaningi baphinde basebenzise ama-smartphone ukuze bakhe izindawo ezishisayo zokufinyelela i-inthanethi yasekhaya. Ukuthembela ku-inthanethi ephathwayo ezindaweni zasemakhaya kuhambisana nezinkinga ezithile.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-inthanethi kakhulu kuzoholela ekuphelelweni kwedatha yeselula. Abahlinzeki be-inthanethi beselula bavamise ukunciphisa isivinini sokulanda uma imikhawulo isifinyelelwe. Futhi idatha yeselula iyabiza.
Izinkinga ezibhekene nabasebenzi abakude ezindaweni zasemakhaya yindaba esematheni manje. Okuthile amakhono soft for teleworking ukwandisa ukukhiqiza, kodwa i-broadband enesivinini esikhulu ibaluleke ngokufanayo.
I-Hotspotting akuyona inketho esebenzayo ezindaweni zasemakhaya lapho amasignali eselula engenamandla noma engazinzile.
Ingabe ama-ISP amaningi asemaphandleni ayisixazululo?
Amanye ama-ISP asevele abhekana nokukhathazeka kwabasebenzisi be-inthanethi basezindaweni zasemakhaya. Eyodwa I-Broadband yaseKentucky I-ISP itshale imali ekuthuthukisweni kwengqalasizinda kanye nokwakhiwa kwefayibha.
Ama-ISP endawo amaningi angase abe yimpendulo ezindaweni zasemakhaya. Ama-ISP asemaphandleni maningi amathuba okuthi atshale ezifundeni zawo. Bazoqonda izinkinga zendawo, njengemiphakathi ekude, nezinkinga zendawo.
I-ISP yasemaphandleni nayo ingase ibone amandla okufinyelela emiphakathini ehlakazekile namadolobhana anabantu abancane.
Isifinyezo
Ngisho nama-ISP angu-2,000 kanye nama-ISP, noma angu-7,000, kuye ngokuthi yimuphi umbiko owukholelwayo, sisenesidingo sama-ISP engeziwe ukuze abhekane nezindawo zasemaphandleni. Noma, mhlawumbe kunesidingo kuphela sama-ISP akhona ukuthi asabalalise i-broadband emiphakathini eminingi yasemakhaya.
Ama-ISP endawo asezindaweni zasemakhaya asevele efake izintambo eziningi zefayibha futhi atshala imali ekwandiseni ukusabalala. Ngoxhaso oluthe xaxa kanye nokutshalwa kwezimali, ama-ISP angase akwazi ukufinyelela izakhamuzi zasemakhaya ezisele ngaphandle kokufinyelela kwe-broadband.
