Izalwe emuva ngo-2001, indlela yokusebenza ye-Agile ibilokhu iyintukuthelo enkulu emhlabeni we-IT kule minyaka embalwa edlule. Njengoba kubikwe ngabakwaGoodFirms, 61.50% ezinkampanini ezibambe iqhaza ocwaningweni lwazo lwakamuva zisebenzisa indlela ye-Agile.
Futhi akumangazi ngokuduma okunjalo - I-Agile isiza ukuzuza ukubambisana okuphumelelayo phakathi kweqembu kanye nokwanda obala ngenxa yokuzibandakanya kwamakhasimende okuvamile. Kodwa okubaluleke nakakhulu, ivumela amaqembu ukuthi azivumelanise kalula nezinguquko ezidingekayo, abhekane ngokuphumelelayo nenye yezinselelo ezinzima kakhulu ezake zabhekana nonjiniyela.
Yini i-Agile?
I-Agile iyindlela yokuphatha iphrojekthi kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe ephakamisa ukuletha umsebenzi ngamanani amancane. Lokhu kuvumela amaqembu ukuthi athole impendulo evamile, aphendule izinselele ngokushesha, futhi enze izinguquko ngokushesha. Ngenxa yalokho, amaqembu e-Agile aletha isofthiwe ngokushesha nangamathuba amancane okwehluleka ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zamakhasimende.
Izinhlaka ezisheshayo
I-Agile ifilosofi ephakeme kakhulu egcizelela ukubaluleka kokuphindaphinda amaklayenti ngokushesha nanelisayo. Kunezinhlaka eziningi ze-Agile ezisekelwe kukho Izimiso ezisheshayo, ngasinye sinamandla nobuthakathaka baso, okwenza kubaluleke ukukhetha evumelana nosayizi wenkampani yakho, isakhiwo seqembu, izinsiza ezitholakalayo, njll.
Izinhlaka ezivame kakhulu ze-Agile zihlanganisa i-Scrum, i-Kanban, i-eXtreme Programming (XP), i-Lean, i-Rapid Application Development (i-RAD), i-Feature Driven Development (FDD), i-Dynamic Systems Development Method (DDSM), i-Adaptive Software Development (ASD), ne-Crystal.
Kungani ukutholwa komkhiqizo kubalulekile ku-Agile
Indlela ye-Agile ngokuyinhloko igxile ekulethweni okusheshayo nokwaneliseka kwamakhasimende, okungeke kwenzeke kalula ngaphandle kokuqonda umbono wekhasimende womkhiqizo wokugcina. Ukuze ugweme ukungaqondi kahle nokumosha izinsiza, amaqembu athembekile e-Agile awalokothi asebenze ngaphandle ukutholwa komkhiqizo wesoftware.
Ngaphandle kokuqinisekisa ukuthi iqembu liziqonda ngokugcwele izidingo zekhasimende nokulindelwe, isigaba sokuthola sisiza ukuchaza inkinga abasebenzisi abangayixazulula ngomkhiqizo, sinikeze imininingwane ewusizo mayelana nokubeka phambili izici.
Ngenxa yalokho, uthola izidingo ezichazwe kahle, ezihumusha ezindlekweni eziphansi kanye nokwaneliseka okukhulu kwamakhasimende.
Umjikelezo wokuphila wokuthuthukisa i-Agile
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-Agile kwenziwa ngokulandelana kwezigaba ezingahluka kancane kuye ngohlaka lwe-Agile olukhethwe yiqembu. Noma kunjalo, lezi zigaba ngokuvamile zifinyelela kulokhu okulandelayo:
umqondo
Kulesi sigaba, kuhlonzwa izinhloso zephrojekthi kanye nobubanzi. Futhi, umnikazi womkhiqizo udala idokhumenti echaza izidingo zomkhiqizo kanye nezikhathi zesikhathi.
Inception
Isinyathelo esilandelayo sihlanganisa ukuhlanganisa ithimba elifanele lokuthuthukisa isofthiwe ukuze lilingane kangcono nezidingo zephrojekthi. Kulesi sigaba, ithimba lingakwazi ukuqalisa inqubo yokuklama, likhiqize i-UI mbumbulu kanye nokwakha izakhiwo.
Isilo
Lesi yisigaba esandisiwe kakhulu sokuthuthukiswa kwe-Agile lapho ithimba lokuthuthukisa empeleni lakha isofthiwe. Ku-Agile, umkhiqizo ulethwa nge-sprints, ngayinye yakhelwe ukuthuthukisa inguqulo yamanje yomkhiqizo ngokwenza izinguquko ngokusekelwe kumpendulo yekhasimende.
Testing
Nakuba umkhiqizo uhlolwa ngokuphindaphindiwe, umkhiqizo wokugcina nawo uyahlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi usebenza ngokugcwele, awunazo iziphazamisi, futhi ulungele ukuba bukhoma.
Buyekeza
Ukubuyekeza kusho ukuhlola okulethwa iphrojekthi (okuhlanganisa imibhalo yezidingo, ikhodi yomthombo, imiklamo, imininingwane yokuhlola, njll.) yibo bonke ababambiqhaza ukuze kuqoqwe impendulo.
Ukubuyekezwa kwesoftware iwela ezinhlotsheni ezimbalwa:
- ukubuyekezwa kontanga, okwenziwa ozakwabo bonjiniyela ukuze bahlole ikhwalithi nokuqukethwe kobuchwepheshe bomkhiqizo;
- ukubuyekezwa kokuphathwa kwesoftware, okwenziwa abaphathi ukuhlola isimo somsebenzi;
- ukubuyekezwa kokuhlolwa kwesoftware kuphethwe yinhlangano yangaphandle ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi umkhiqizo uyahambisana yini namazinga kanye nokucaciswa.
Ukubuyekezwa kwesofthiwe kubalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwesofthiwe njengoba kuhamba ibanga elide ekuboneni izinkinga ngaphambi kokuba umkhiqizo ungene emakethe.
Ukukhishwa nokugcinwa
Ekugcineni, isoftware iyasetshenziswa futhi iyatholakala kubasebenzisi bayo bokugcina. Kodwa lokhu akukona ukuphela kwendaba. Uma usukhululiwe, umkhiqizo ungena esigabeni sokuwulungisa, okusho ukuthi ithimba lihlinzeka ngosekelo oluqhubekayo ukuze liqinisekise ukuthi lusebenza kahle.
Kungani uhambe Agile
Indlela ye-Agile ihlotshaniswa nenani lezinzuzo. Ake sizibhekisise.
Izinga eliphezulu lomphumela
Izindlela ezisheshayo zisebenzisa indlela yokuphindaphinda, okusho ukuthi umkhiqizo uyathuthukiswa ngokuphindaphinda ngakunye. Ukugxila okuqinile ekuthuthukisweni kungokwezimiso eziyisisekelo ze-Agile, esiza ukwakhiwa kwesofthiwe yekhwalithi ephezulu.
Ukulawula okuthuthukisiwe
I-Agile inika abaphathi ukulawula okuphumelelayo kwezinqubo njengoba kuhilela ukubeka izinto obala ngokuphelele, impendulo eqhubekayo, nezici zokulawula ikhwalithi. Bonke ababambiqhaza babambe iqhaza kuphrojekthi futhi bangaqapha kalula inqubekelaphambili ngosizo lwamathuluzi okulandelela.
Amaqembu amaningi avumelana nezimo
Indlela ye-Agile iphakamisa ukuthi amaqembu asebenza ngama-sprints amafushane, okuvumela ukuguquguquka okungcono ekwenzeni izinguquko.
Isabelomali esibikezelwa okwengeziwe kanye nezikhathi ezimisiwe
Umsebenzi owenziwe kuma-sprints wenza kube lula kumphathi wephrojekthi ukuthi ahlaziye ukusebenza kweqembu futhi abele izinsiza ngempumelelo kakhudlwana.
Izingozi ezincane
Amaqembu e-Agile ahlola futhi ahlole umkhiqizo ku-sprint ngayinye, okuhlinzeka ngokubonakala okungcono kuphrojekthi. Lokhu kuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi bakhombe futhi babhekane nezinkinga kusenesikhathi, kuncishiswe ubungozi obungaba khona.
Ukwaneliseka okukhulu kwamakhasimende
Nge-Agile, amakhasimende abambe iqhaza ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukisweni kwephrojekthi, enikeza impendulo ngemuva kwe-sprint ngayinye, esiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umkhiqizo wokugcina uhambisana ngokunembile nezidingo zekhasimende. Akudingekile ukusho ukuthi indlela enjalo ifaka ngokungenakugwenywa ukwaneliseka nokwethenjwa kwamakhasimende.
Imicabango ehlukanayo
Kusukela ezingozini ezincishisiwe ukuya ekwanelisekeni okuphezulu kwamakhasimende, indlela ye-Agile ukumbozile. Ngezinzuzo eziningi ezinikezayo, inani lamaqembu asebenzisa i-Agile lizokhula nakanjani. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlaka olubhekana kangcono nezidingo zethimba lakho futhi ungalokothi uzishaye indiva ukubaluleka kwesigaba sokutholwa kwephrojekthi ekuthuthukisweni kwesoftware.
