Isikweletu Singaphezu Kwenombolo
Iningi labantu libheka isikweletu njengesamba esikhulu. Bahlanganisa ibhalansi, babheke inombolo, bese benquma ukuthi izwakala ilawuleka noma iyesabisa. Lokho kusabela kunengqondo, kodwa akulazi lonke indaba. Abantu ababili bangakweleta inani elifanayo futhi babe sezimweni ezihlukene ngokuphelele kuye ngohlobo lwesikweletu, izinga lenzalo, uhlelo lokukhokha, nokuthi ubani olawula imigomo.
Ukubheka isikweletu ngeso lesakhiwo kusho ukubuza imibuzo engcono kunokuthi “Ngikweleta malini?” Kusho ukubuza ukuthi isikweletu sakhiwe kanjani. Umuntu oqhathanisa izinketho ezifana nokukhululwa kwesikweletu e-Indiana angathola ukucaca okwengeziwe ngokubheka hhayi nje kuphela ibhalansi, kodwa nokuthi yiziphi izikweletu ezibiza kakhulu, yiziphi eziphuthumayo kakhulu, nokuthi yiziphi ezidala ingcindezi enkulu.
Isimo Sezindaba Zesikweletu
Isikweletu sinesakhiwo, cishe njengesakhiwo. Ezinye izingxenye zinesisindo esikhulu kunezinye. Imali mboleko yendlu enesilinganiso esinqunyiwe kanye nenkokhelo ebikezelwayo ingaba nzima, kodwa izinzile. Ibhalansi yekhadi lesikweletu enenzalo ephezulu ingaba ncane, kodwa ibe yingozi kakhulu ngoba ikhula ngokushesha futhi kungaba nzima ukuyikhokha. Ibhili yezokwelapha ingaba namathuba ahlukene okuxoxisana kunemali mboleko yemoto. Imali mboleko yosuku lokukhokha ingadala ukucindezeleka kwemali ngokushesha noma ngabe ibhalansi ibukeka incane.
Yingakho ibhalansi iyonke ingadukisa. Imali mboleko engu-$20,000 ngesilinganiso esiphansi esinqunyiwe ayifani nesamba esingu-$20,000 kumakhadi esikweletu amaningana anamazinga ashintshayo kanye nezinkokhelo ezincane. Elokuqala lingaba yingxenye yohlelo lwesikhathi eside. Elesibili lingaba uhlelo oluqhubeka nokukhipha imali ekusaseni lakho.
Ubani Ophethe Isikweletu Ushintsha Amandla
Omunye umbuzo obalulekile ukuthi ngubani ongumnikazi wesikweletu. Ingabe sisesembolekisi wokuqala? Ingabe sithengisiwe kumthengi wesikweletu? Ingabe sithengisiwe ejensi yokuqoqa imali? Ingabe umbolekisi uvikelwe yisibambiso, njengemoto noma indlu, noma ingabe isikweletu asiqinisekisiwe?
Lokho kubalulekile ngoba ababolekisi abahlukene banamathuluzi ahlukene, izikhuthazo, kanye nezikhathi. Umbolekisi oqinisekisiwe angase abe namalungelo ahlobene nempahla. Inkampani yamakhadi esikweletu angavikelekile ingase ithembele ekucindezelweni kokukhokha, inzalo, kanye nesinyathelo somthetho esingaba khona. Umthengi wesikweletu kungenzeka ukuthi uthenge i-akhawunti ngemali engaphansi kwebhalansi yokuqala futhi angase axoxisane ngendlela ehlukile.
Izinsiza zokuqoqwa kwezikweletu ze-Consumer Financial Protection Bureau zichaza amalungelo amaningana abathengi kanye nokuvikelwa okuhlobene nabaqoqi. Ukwazi ukuthi obani abaxhumana nawe nokuthi yini abavunyelwe ukuyenza ngokomthetho kusiza ukuguqula isimo esicindezelayo sibe yinto elula ukuyihlola.
Amanani Enzalo Aveza Amaphuzu Abuthakathaka
Inzalo ingenye yezimpawu ezicacile zobuthakathaka besakhiwo. Isikweletu esinezinga eliphansi singase siphathwe noma ngabe ibhalansi inkulu. Isikweletu esinezinga eliphezulu singaba sibi ngokushesha ngoba ingxenye enkulu yenkokhelo ngayinye iya enzalo esikhundleni sokunciphisa imali eyinhloko.
Yilapho abantu bevame ukukhungatheka khona. Benza izinkokhelo, kodwa ibhalansi ayishintshi. Ngokwesakhiwo, lokho kusho ukuthi isikweletu sakhiwe ngendlela ebambezela ukuphuma. Inkokhelo ingase igcine i-akhawunti isebenza kahle, kodwa ingase ingadali intuthuko enkulu.
Ukubuyekezwa kwesikweletu okunamandla kufanele kubeke izilinganiso ngokwezinga lenzalo, hhayi nje ngobukhulu. Ibhalansi encane kakhulu akuyona njalo ingozi enkulu. Isikweletu esikhula ngokushesha noma esidla imali eningi kakhulu ngenyanga singadinga ukunakwa kuqala.
Ukuvuthwa Kumayelana Nesikhathi
Kwezezimali, ukuvuthwa kubhekisela ekutheni isikweletu kufanele sikhokhe nini noma ukuthi kulindeleke ukuthi kuthathe isikhathi esingakanani ukukhokha. Emindenini, umqondo ofanayo ubalulekile ngendlela engokoqobo. Ezinye izikweletu zesikhashana futhi ziyaphuthuma. Ezinye zesikhathi eside futhi ziyabikezelwa. Ezinye zidinga inkokhelo enkulu maduze. Ezinye zisakaza izinkokhelo eminyakeni eminingi.
Isikhathi sithinta ukucindezeleka. Imali mboleko okufanele ikhokhwe ngenyanga ezayo idala uhlobo oluhlukile lokucindezeleka kunemali mboleko okufanele ikhokhwe eminyakeni emihlanu. Ikhadi lesikweletu elingenalo usuku lokukhokha oluqondile linganwebeka buthule isikhathi eside. Imali mboleko yomuntu siqu enosuku lokuphela olubekiwe ingase izwakale ihlelekile ngoba kunomugqa wokuqeda ocacile.
Izinto zemfundo ze-Federal Reserve eziphathelene nezisekelo zesikweletu sabathengi zingasiza abathengi baqonde ukuthi ukuboleka, ukukhokha, kanye nemikhiqizo yesikweletu kuthinta kanjani izinqumo zezezimali. Uma uqonda isikhathi, ungabona ukuthi isikweletu sakho sisendleleni eya ekuqedeni noma ukuthi simane sizivuselela inyanga nenyanga.
Ubudala Busho Ukuthi Ezinye Izibopho Ziza Kuqala
Akuzona zonke izikweletu ezinemiphumela efanayo uma zingakhokhwa. Irenti, izinkokhelo zendlu, imali mboleko yemoto, izinsiza zikagesi, intela, isondlo sengane, kanye nezikweletu eziqinisekisiwe kungadala imiphumela esheshayo noma embi kakhulu kunezinye izikweletu ezingaqinisekisiwe. Lokho akusho ukuthi izikweletu ezingaqinisekisiwe zinganakwa, kodwa kusho ukuthi izinto eziza kuqala zibalulekile.
Umbono wesakhiwo ubuza, “Yiziphi izibopho ezivikela ukuzinza kwami okuyisisekelo?” Izindlu, ezokuthutha, ukudla, izinsiza, kanye nomshuwalense odingekayo ngokuvamile kuza ngaphambi kokukhokha okwengeziwe ezikweletini eziphansi. Ngaphandle kwalowo myalelo, umuntu angase avikele ikhadi lesikweletu ngengozi ngenkathi ebeka irenti noma ezokuthutha engcupheni.
Lokhu akukhona ukugwema umthwalo wemfanelo. Kumayelana nokwakha isu lokukhokha elingalimazi isisekelo sempilo yansuku zonke.
Isikweletu Singaba Ithuluzi Noma Ugibe
Isikweletu asibi kakhulu ngokuzenzakalelayo. Imali mboleko yendlu ingasiza umuntu ukuthi athenge indlu. Imali mboleko yabafundi ingasekela imfundo. Imali mboleko yebhizinisi ingaxhasa ukukhula. Imali mboleko yemoto ingenza kube nokwenzeka ukuthutha. Kulezo zimo, isikweletu singasebenza njengethuluzi, ikakhulukazi uma inkokhelo ingabizi futhi imigomo icacile.
Izikweletu ziba buthakathaka kakhulu uma zikhokhela ukusinda esikhundleni sokukhula. Uma amakhadi esikweletu emboza ukudla, uphethiloli, izikhala zerenti, noma izidingo zezokwelapha ngoba imali engenayo ayikwazi ukuhambisana nayo, isakhiwo sibonisa inkinga ejulile. Inkinga ingase ingabi ukuzithiba komuntu siqu. Kungase kube ukuguquguquka kwemali engenayo, izindleko ezikhuphukayo, umsebenzi ongazinzile, izindleko zezokwelapha, noma ukuntuleka kokonga okuphuthumayo.
Lokho kuhlukanisa kubalulekile ngoba ihlazo ligxile kumuntu, kanti isakhiwo sigxile ohlelweni. Isakhiwo esingcono ngokuvamile singanciphisa ukucindezeleka ngempumelelo kakhulu kunokuzigxeka.
I-Capital Stack Ekhaya
Amabhizinisi avame ukubheka isikweletu njengengxenye yenqwaba yemali, okusho izendlalelo zokuxhaswa ngezimali ezinezindleko ezahlukene, izingozi, kanye namazinga abalulekile. Imindeni ingaboleka lowo mbono. Inqwaba yemali yakho yomuntu siqu ingafaka imali engenayo, imali yokonga, amakhadi esikweletu, imali mboleko yomuntu siqu, izikweletu zezokwelapha, imali mboleko yemoto, imali mboleko yabafundi, kanye nesikweletu semali mboleko.
Uma inqwaba iphilile, ungqimba ngalunye lunenhloso. Imali engenayo ihlanganisa izindleko zokuphila. Ukonga kusingatha izimanga. Izikweletu zisekela ukuthengwa okukhulu noma ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhleliwe. Uma inqwaba ibuthakathaka, amakhadi esikweletu athatha indawo yokonga, imali mboleko ihlanganisa ezinye izimali mboleko, futhi izinkokhelo ezincane zidla imali okufanele yakha ukuzinza.
Ukubheka ezezimali zakho ngale ndlela kungaba usizo ngendlela emangalisayo. Kuguqula isikweletu sibe yifu lokucindezeleka sibe imephu. Uma usubona izingqimba, unganquma ukuthi yiziphi ezidinga ukulungiswa kuqala.
Ukubuyekezwa Kwesakhiwo Kuqala Ngokuhlela
Ukuze uqonde isikweletu sakho ngokwesakhiwo, bhala zonke izibopho endaweni eyodwa. Faka ibhalansi, izinga lenzalo, inkokhelo encane, usuku lokugcina, umbolekisi, ukuthi isikweletu siqinisekisiwe noma asiqinisekisiwe, nokuthi inkokhelo ingeyesikhathi. Bese ubheka amaphethini.
Yisiphi isikweletu esinenzalo ephezulu kakhulu? Yisiphi inkokhelo edala ingcindezi enkulu yanyanga zonke? Yisiphi ibhalansi engehli? Yisiphi i-akhawunti enengozi yezomthetho noma yesibambiso? Yiziphi izikweletu ezidalwe yizimo eziphuthumayo kunezinqumo ezihleliwe?
Le mibuzo isiza ukuhlukanisa umsindo nokubaluleka. Ungase uthole ukuthi imali mboleko encane eyodwa ibangela ukungazinzi okukhulu kunesikweletu esikhulu, esiphansi. Ungase ubone ukuthi izinkokhelo ezimbalwa ezincane zidala ukucindezelwa kwemali engenayo. Ungase uqaphele ukuthi inkinga akuyona ibhalansi eyodwa, kodwa indlela zonke izinkokhelo ezisebenzisana ngayo.
Isakhiwo Sidala Isu
Isu lesikweletu elakhelwe phezu kwesamba esiphelele esikweletwayo lingazwakala linzima kakhulu. Isu elakhelwe phezu kwesakhiwo liwusizo kakhulu. Lingabonisa ukuthi udinga ukwehlisa inzalo, ukwandisa imali engenayo, ukunciphisa izindleko, ukuxoxisana ngama-akhawunti athile, ukuvikela izinkokhelo ezibalulekile, noma ukuyeka ukusebenzisa isikweletu ngezidingo zanyanga zonke.
Umgomo awukona ukwenza isikweletu sibonakale sincane kunalokho esiyikho. Umgomo ukuqonda ukuthi hlobo luni lwenkinga obhekene nayo. Inkinga yesikhathi idinga ikhambi elilodwa. Inkinga yenzalo idinga elinye. Inkinga yokuhamba kwemali idinga elinye. Inkinga yengozi yezomthetho idinga elinye.
Isikweletu asibi yimfihlakalo kangako uma uyeka ukusiphatha njengenombolo eyodwa bese uqala ukubona ukuthi sihlelwe kanjani. Lokho kushintsha kunganciphisa ukwesaba futhi kudale indlela ecacile eya phambili. Uma usuqonda isakhiwo, awusaphenduli nje ezilinganisweni. Ufunda uhlelo, uthola amaphuzu abuthakathaka, futhi wenza izinyathelo ezihlakaniphile ungqimba olulodwa ngesikhathi.
