Ngiyafunda iphepha evela kubacwaningi base-Texas A&M University abaxoxa ngombono wokusebenzisa izinto ezingaphakathi kwe-situ ekwenzeni okungeziwe kwezakhiwo.
Uma ufunda kabanzi ngalo mqondo, ngiyaqiniseka ukuthi uzovumelana nami ukuthi kuwushintsho olukhulu kufilosofi emayelana nokwakhiwa ngokujwayelekile, kunokuba nje into entsha yokwakha amaphrinta e-3D.
Isimo Samanje Sokwakha Amaphrinta we-3D
Kunezinkampani ezimbalwa - kodwa aziningi - ezikhiqiza amaphrinta okwakha e-3D. Lokhu kuvame ukuba amasistimu okukhipha ukhonkolo anikwe amandla yi-CNC. Ezinye izinguqulo eziphakanyisiwe zezinhlelo ezinyakazayo ze-Cartesian XYZ, noma ama-extruder anamathiselwe ezingalweni zamarobhothi eselula, noma inhlanganisela yakho kokubili.
Isixhumanisi esivamile phakathi kwabo ukusebenzisa ukhonkolo njengempahla yokwakha.
Kunebhizinisi elilodwa engilaziyo, elizinze e-Italy wasp, eyasungula indlela ye-3D yokunyathelisa izakhiwo zobumba ezilula. Umgomo wabo ubonakala uwukukhiqiza kalula izindlu eziyisisekelo emazweni omhlaba wesithathu, hhayi ukuphishekela imakethe enkulu yokwakha jikelele.
Ukhonkolo Njengempahla Yokwakha
Ukhonkolo uguqule umhlaba wokwakha eminyakeni eminingi. Ngokuyihlanganisa nensimbi eqinisayo, abakhi babe sebekwazi ukuklama nokwakha izakhiwo ezinkulu nezakhiwo ezingakaze zibonwe umhlaba. Iningi lezakhiwo zamadolobha ethu ezibonakalayo zenziwa ngokhonkolo ngale mfashini.
Kodwa izinkinga eziningi ngokhonkolo ziye zavela eminyakeni yamuva.
Inkinga enkulu ebinganakwa kuze kube yiminyaka embalwa edlule ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kwezinto ezikhonkolo kukhipha inani elikhulu legesi ebamba ukushisa.
Kukhona nekhasi le-Wikipedia elichaza i- umthelela wemvelo kakhonkolo. Lapho, ithi:
“Imboni kasimende ingelinye lamazwe amabili akhiqiza i-carbon dioxide enkulu, okwenza ukuthi kube no-8% wesisi esikhishwa abantu emhlabeni wonke, u-50% uphuma kumakhemikhali kanye no-40% ophuma kuphethiloli ovuthayo. I-CO2 ekhiqizwe ukwakhiwa kukasimende wesakhiwo (kusetshenziswa u-~14% usimende) ilinganiselwa ku-410 kg/m3 (~180 kg/tonne @ density of 2.3 g/cm3) (yehliselwe ku-290 kg/m3 ngo-30% wokubuyisela umlotha wempukane sikasimende). Ukukhishwa kwe-CO2 okuvela ekukhiqizeni ukhonkolo kuhambelana ngokuqondile nokuqukethwe kwe-cement okusetshenziselwa ukuxuba ukhonkolo; I-900 kg ye-CO2 ikhishelwa ukwenza ithani ngalinye likasimende, okubalelwa ku-88% wezinto ezikhishwayo ezihambisana nengxube ephakathi kukakhonkolo.”
Okubi nakakhulu, lo simende kufanele uthuthwe ngokoqobo usuka endaweni yokukhiqiza uyiswe endaweni yokwakha, okungenzeka ukuthi ukude impela. Cabanga ngamathani kasimende kanye/noma ukhonkolo okufanele uthuthwe ngamaloli amakhulu akhiqiza i-CO2 ukuze enze umsebenzi wokwakha omkhulu.
Le miphumela izobonakala kakhulu esikhathini esizayo esiseduze, futhi izixazululo kufanele zenziwe.
Esinye sezixazululo kungaba ukusebenzisa izinto ezisesayithi, futhi yilokho abacwaningi ababefuna ukukuhlola. Isixazululo esinjalo ngeke sigcine ngokulimaza imvelo kuphela, kodwa futhi singabizi kakhulu ngokunciphisa impahla kanye nezindleko zokuthutha. Ekugcineni, lapho isakhiwo siphelelwa yisikhathi, impahla yaso ingamane ibuyiselwe endaweni ezungezile.
Eqinisweni, lokhu akuwona umqondo omusha; Sekuyisikhathi eside izitini zenziwa ngezinto zasendaweni, futhi mhlawumbe sekuyisikhathi sokubuyela lapho saqala khona, ngokwezinto ezibonakalayo.
Izakhiwo Eziphrintiwe ze-In-Situ 3D
Iphepha locwaningo lihlola lo mbono ngokujula kancane. Isiphakamiso sabo siwukuthi esikhundleni sokusebenzisa ukhonkolo wendabuko futhi udale umonakalo wendawo echazwe ngenhla, esikhundleni salokho kusetshenziswe impahla yendawo esizeni noma eduze njengempahla yokwakha.
Lona umgomo wokuvelela okubanzi empeleni okuyinkinga eyinkimbinkimbi. Kulula ukusho ukuthi “yakhele ngokungcola”, kodwa iqiniso liwukuthi “ukungcola” kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi ukuphi emhlabeni. Ngakho-ke kuzodingeka kube nezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zezinto zokwakha ezihlala endaweni ehluka ngokwezifunda.
Abacwaningi bathuthukise uhlobo lwendlela ehlanganisiwe yokuthuthukisa inqubo ethile yokunyathelisa ye-3D yokwakha, njengoba kubonakala phezulu. Inqubo ihilela izinyathelo eziningi kakhulu, ezinye zazo eziyinkimbinkimbi. Uma ubheka ezinyathelweni zale nqubo, uzobona ukuthi zonke izici zimboziwe futhi inqubo yokuphrinta ye-3D yokwakha in-situ ethuthukisiwe kusukela kuyo ingaba yimpumelelo.
Ukufeza lokho abacwaningi bahlole ukusetshenziswa kwenhlanganisela yezinto zokwakha eziningana, okuhlanganisa usimende we-geopolymer, ubumba lochungechunge lwe-burlewash nokunye. Kunezinhlanganisela ezingenakubalwa zokukhiqiza izinto ezisebenzisekayo, futhi sisekuqaleni kuphela.
Uma ungathanda ikusasa lokuphrinta kwe-3D, ungase ufune ukuyifunda yonke leli phepha elithakazelisayo.
Funda kabanzi mayelana nokuphrinta kwe-3D kwaFabbaloo!
Isithombe: I-Defence Logistics Agency
