I-India ingenye yezomnotho ezikhula ngokushesha emhlabeni, idonsa ukunakwa okwengeziwe kubatshalizimali nosomabhizinisi. Inamandla amakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe bolwazi, ezokuvakasha, ezamandla, nezinye izimboni futhi izigqaja ngeyomnotho omkhulukazi emhlabeni jikelele (ikleliswe endaweni yesihlanu ku-GDP).
Ezolimo zihamba phambili emnothweni waseNdiya, zifaka isandla cishe ngo-17% ku-GDP yezwe. I-India ingumthengisi obalulekile wetiye nezinongo kuyilapho ilima okusanhlamvu okuhlukahlukene, imifino, nezithelo.
Umkhakha wezimboni ungenye ingxenye ebalulekile yomnotho waseNdiya. I-India ithuthukise izimboni ezinjengama-textiles, electronics, njll., futhi ingenye yabakhiqizi abakhulu bezimoto emhlabeni jikelele.
Isikhalo saseNdiya njengendawo yokuvakasha sikhule kakhulu. Abavakashi bavakashela e-India ukuze bajabulele ubuhle bayo bemvelo, bahlole izindawo zomlando, futhi bajabulele ukudla kwasendaweni. Imboni yezokuvakasha iyodwa inikela cishe ngama-8% ku-GDP yaseNdiya.
Imboni yezamandla ibamba cishe u-4% we-GDP yaseNdiya. Izwe belimatasa lakha izizinda zokuphehla ugesi ezintsha kanye nokusebenzisa imithombo yamandla avuselelekayo njengamandla elanga nawomoya eminyakeni yamuva nje.
Nokho, enye yezinselelo ezinkulu umnotho waseNdiya obhekene nazo izinga eliphezulu lobumpofu nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi. NgokweBhange Lomhlaba, cishe amaphesenti angama-25 abantu baseNdiya baphila ngaphansi komugqa wobumpofu, futhi izinga lokuntuleka kwemisebenzi lilinganiselwa ku-8%. Noma kunjalo, uHulumeni wase-India usebenzisa izinyathelo zokuqeda ubumpofu nokuntuleka kwemisebenzi ngezinhlelo zokuvikela umphakathi, imfundo, kanye nezinhlelo zokunakekelwa kwezempilo.
Okunye okukhathaza umnotho waseNdiya izinga eliphezulu lokukhula kwabantu. Ngokwezibikezelo ze-UN, ngonyaka ka-2050, inani labantu baseNdiya lizofinyelela abantu abayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane eziyi-1.6, okwandisa kakhulu isidingo sezinsiza namandla. Ukuphendula, uHulumeni waseNdiya ugqugquzela ngenkuthalo ukuthuthukiswa komnotho oluhlaza ukuze kuncishiswe ukukhishwa kwesisi esibamba ukushisa nokulondoloza imithombo yemvelo.
Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwamanye amazwe kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni komnotho waseNdiya. I-India ingene ezivumelwaneni zohwebo lwamahhala namazwe amaningi, igqugquzela ukungena kwezimali kanye nobuchwepheshe. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, uHulumeni waseNdiya ubesebenza ngenkuthalo ekuthuthukiseni isimo sokutshalwa kwezimali. Kodwa-ke, inkohlakalo nokuphatha kusezinselelo eziqhubekayo ezithiya ukukhula komnotho waseNdiya.
Ukwehla kwamandla emali e-India kuyehla, ngokusho kwe- idatha yekhalenda yezomnotho yakamuva. Ngo-Ephreli 2023, lehle laya ku-4.7% uma liqhathaniswa no-5.66% ngoMashi kanye no-6.44% ngoFebhuwari.
Ngo-2022 izinga lokukhula kwe-GDP lalingu-4.4%, liphansi kunonyaka odlule. Kubalulekile ukulinda imiphumela ka-2023, futhi cishe izodlula izibalo zamanje. Izizathu zalokhu zizobonakala maduze nje.
I-India ime njengenye yezimakethe ezinkulu emhlabeni zomkhakha wezobuchwepheshe bolwazi. Ngo-2022, ukuthengiswa kwenkampani ye-IT eNdiya kwafinyelela irekhodi lama- $ 136 billion.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, uhlelo lwamabhange e-India luthuthuka ngokushesha, luheha ukutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu kwamanye amazwe kanye nokwethenjwa kwemali nomnotho wezwe. Izwe kancane kancane ukululama enkingeni edalwe wubhubhane, futhi kusukela ngoJanuwari 1, 2023, ukutshalwa kwezimali kufinyelele ku-$1.857 billion.
Umbango phakathi kweNdiya neShayina uyisici esiyinhloko esinomthelela ekuthuthukisweni komnotho waseNdiya. I-India neShayina (iminotho emikhulu eNingizimu neMpumalanga ye-Asia, ngokulandelana) inemithombo yemvelo emikhulu, okuhlanganisa uwoyela, igesi, amalahle, izinsimbi, namaminerali. Bafisa ukuba ngabadayisi abakhulu bezimpahla nezinsizakalo futhi baqhudelane ukuze bahehe abatshalizimali bakwamanye amazwe.
Ngokuqhathanisa ama-indices amakhulu e-India (NSE: NIFTY) kanye ne-China (SSE:000001), kuba sobala ukuthi ngenkathi eyokugcina ibhekene nezinselele, eyokuqala ibhekene nokukhula okusebenzayo.
Ngokuvamile, umnotho waseNdiya ubonisa amandla amakhulu okuthuthuka nokukhula okuqhubekayo. Uhulumeni wase-India uyaqhubeka nemizamo yakhe yokuthuthukisa izimo zamabhizinisi nabatshalizimali ngenkathi ubhekana nobumpofu futhi uthuthukisa izinga lempilo yezakhamuzi zakhona.
