Ukwenza isibonelo. I-buzzword esetshenziswe ngokweqile? Umqondo ongaqondakali? Ibizo, isenzo, nesiphawulo? Prototyping kuyifilosofi. Empeleni, ukwenza prototyping kuyifilosofi uma kukhulunywa ngokwenza imiklamo ephezulu kakhulu emakethe yanamuhla yokuncintisana.
Uma abantu abaningi becabanga nge-prototype, bacabanga nge-prototype ebonakalayo (ephinde ibizwe nge-pre-prototype, i-alpha, noma i-beta). Empeleni inguqulo ebukekayo futhi esebenza njengomkhiqizo wokugcina. Idizayini eqediwe, kuncishiswe ezinye izinsimbi namakhwela kanye nezinkinga zokukhiqiza, ezidinga ukuxazululwa ukuze kukhiqizwe. Bacabanga uhlobo olulodwa oluqondile lwe-prototype ohlangothini olulodwa lwe-prototyping spectrum. Babona ngeso lengqondo imoto ekhonjiswa embukisweni wezimoto, inomodeli owenza ukuthinta kwengalo okunemininingwane ngakuyo. Kudingeka sigqashule kulo mbono, futhi senze ushintsho lwe-paradigm, ngakho-ke lapho abantu becabanga ngesibonelo, bacabanga ukuthi okungcolile akukhangi, futhi okudabukisayo akucwebezeli.
Lesi sihloko kubhalwe ngaso kabanzi. Eqinisweni, iye yakhandwa kakhulu phakathi nokuphila kwayo kunensimbi yethusi eyingxubevange yensimbi. Kodwa ngizokhipha eminye yemibhalo engiyithandayo ngesihloko, futhi ngizame ukubeka okwami kuso, ngoba ngingumklami oyimbuka futhi yilokho engikwenzayo.
Ichaza i-Prototyping
Uma othile ekubuza "Iyini i-prototype?" Ungakwazi yini ukuphendula? Ithini impendulo yakho? Lapho ngicabanga ngakho, ngakuthola kunzima ukukuchaza. Ukufana nokuchaza ukuthi luyini “uthando”. Ngakho-ke ake sikhulume ngothando kanye ne-prototyping.
Ngaphambi kokuthi sichaze i-prototype, kuyasiza ukuqonda inhloso ye-prototype. Ama-prototype asetshenziselwa izinhloso ezine eziyisisekelo; ukufunda, ukuxhumana, ukuhlanganiswa, kanye neziqophamlando.
Incwadi Yokufunda Incazelo Yokuqala:
"Ukusetshenziswa kwamamodeli alula futhi angaphelele omklamo ukuhlola imibono, izidingo ezicacile, ukucacisa imininingwane, kanye nokusebenza kokuhlola." - Izimiso Zokuklama Ezivamile
Incwadi Yokufunda Incazelo Yesibili:
"Isilinganiso somkhiqizo ngokuhambisana nobukhulu obubodwa noma ngaphezulu kwentshisekelo." - Umklamo Womkhiqizo nentuthuko
Kunezincazelo eziningi ezomile nezilungile ngokobuchwepheshe ze-prototype. Kodwa asikwazi ukukhuluma nge-prototyping ngaphandle kokukhuluma ngengozi. Ngokuqondile, ama-prototypes amayelana nokunciphisa ubungozi. Encwadini, Kuhle ngoKhetho, basebenzisa isifaniso esithi “Izinhlamvu zokuqala, bese kuba amabhola enganono”. Besebenzisa lesi sifaniso, bachaza ichashazi (isibonelo) njengokuthi “ukuhlola noma ukuhlola okunezindleko eziphansi, ubungozi obuphansi, nokuphazamiseka okuncane.” Ngokuphambene, i-cannonball ingumbono inhlangano ebeka inani elikhulu lezinsiza zenhlangano namandla kuwo. Injongo yezinhlamvu iwukuba ngcono inhloso, nokulinganisa umzila ngaphambi kokudubula inganono. Ngoba ama-cannonball acwilisa imikhumbi, hhayi izinhlamvu.
Masisebenzise lo mqondo esibonelweni sendawo ebiyelwe ebunjwe ngomjovo yedivayisi kagesi enosayizi omaphakathi. Isinyathelo sokuqala kungaba ukucisha “izinhlamvu” ze-aesthetics njengokucwaninga izindawo ezivalekile zemikhiqizo efanayo noma eqhudelanayo, ukuqasha umklami wezimboni ukuthi akhe amamodeli athile, nokucela amasampula ombala nokuthungwa kubathengisi. Bese ungase ushise umsebenzi othile “izinhlamvu” njengokusebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kokugeleza kwesikhunta, ukuhlaziya ingcindezi ekulinganeni kwe-snap, bese uya-oda imodeli ye-stereolithography ekhishwe ngaphandle. Konke lokhu kulungiselelwa “i-cannonball”, ebizayo, edla isikhathi, kanye namathuluzi esikhunta unomphela.
I-Analytical vs. Physical Prototyping
I-Virtual prototyping yilapho umklami ethatha umdwebo webhodi elimhlophe emhlanganweni futhi eqala ukuwenza nge-3D CAD enobukhulu, abone ngokushesha ukuthi akufanele neze ukukala, futhi akunakwenzeka ngokuphelele. Sethemba ukuthi lokhu kuthatha amahora ambalwa kuphela, futhi ohlelweni olukhulu lwephrojekthi iyonke, isikhathi nezindleko azinakwa. Khumbula lokhu, imali yephepha kanye namasoka/izintombi kumele zibe ngokoqobo, ama-prototypes awanjalo. Okungenani ungaqali. I-Virtual prototyping ngokuvamile iyithuluzi lokuqala eshede lomklami wesimanje. Izinzuzo ze-virtual prototyping zinkulu, kulezo zindleko (ubungozi) ziphansi, kulula ukwenza izinguquko, futhi iyithuluzi elinamandla lokuxhumana. Amapharamitha angashintshwa kalula ngokuchofoza okumbalwa kwenkinobho. Umbala wengaphandle ungashintshwa, noma izimo zasekuqaleni zokuhlaziywa kwezinto ezinomkhawulo zishintshe cishe kalula, ngokuphambene nomhlaba wangempela wokupenda noma ukudizayina nokwakha izinto zokuhlola. I-prototyping yokuhlaziya ivumela ukuhlola ukulingana nokuhlanganisa, ukwenziwa, ifomu nesitayela, i-kinematics, izinto ezinomkhawulo, ukuhlolwa kokuphahlazeka, nokunye okuningi okungalingiswa ngamaphakheji esofthiwe esimanje.
Wonke amaphrojekthi anezinsiza ezilinganiselwe, futhi kuthatha izinsiza (ubungozi) njengesikhathi, imali, namandla ukuguqula lawo maphikseli esikrini abe ama-athomu empilo yangempela. Ngakho-ke, kungabonakala sengathi ukulinda isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka ukwenza okuthile kube ngokoqobo kungaba ukunciphisa ubungozi. Lokhu ukukhohlisa okunengqondo okusekelwe emcabangweni owodwa oyinhloko, okungukuthi i-virtual prototyping ihlale iwukuhlawumbisela okungokoqobo. Bonke abaklami baye baba nesipiliyoni sokumodela umklamo onephutha, okuthi ngokungabi nalwazi, isifiso esiphelele, noma mhlawumbe ukukhohlisa, bazikholise bona nabanye bazosebenza. Amagama alesi sigameko ahlanganisa "Inkinga ye-Artificial reality", "umbono womhubhe" noma "i-CAD Eye". Ngihlale ngididekile kuze kube yilapho, eqinisweni, ngibona umsebenzi womzimba womzimba njengoba uklanywe. Ngokuvamile kunzima ukubikezela nokumodela yonke i-physics edlalwayo esakhiweni, kanye nezinto ezifana nokusebenzisana kwabantu noma izici, kanye nezingcindezi ezingase zibe yimikhiqizo yezinqubo zokukhiqiza.
Isikhathi esifanele sokuletha umqondo emhlabeni obonakalayo uwuyise emhlabeni wangempela ucingo lokwahlulela, olusekelwe kubunzima bokulinganisa izici zengozi nokuzethemba. Isikhathi esifanele soguquko ngokuvamile singaphambi kwalokho umuntu angase akucabange, noma, ngamanye amazwi, uma usola ukuthi kungase kube isikhathi sokushintshela kumfanekiso ongokomzimba, khona-ke impendulo kungenzeka ukuthi yebo. Lapho izinto ziba ngokoqobo, okuthile kufundwa njalo, hhayi ngezindlela ezilindelekile. I-prototyping ebonakalayo ifana nokuqomisana ku-inthanethi. Ukuqomisana ku-inthanethi kungonga isikhathi esiningi namandla, uma kuqhathaniswa nokuphumela ezindaweni ezidayisa utshwala. Inikeza isilungiselelo esikhululekile sokuzijwayeza amakhono akho okuxoxa, futhi ubone ukuthi yisiphi isitayela somuntu siqu esisebenza kangcono kakhulu. Konke lokho kuhle futhi kuhle, kodwa uma ufuna impumelelo, ekugcineni kufanele uhlangane nabantu IRL.
I-Focused vs Comprehensive Prototypes
Ama-prototypes agxilile asebenzisa isici esisodwa noma ezimbalwa zomklamo wokugcina. Lezi zingaba amamodeli "okubukeka" noma "okufana nokusebenza", futhi kungaba amathuluzi anamandla okufunda nokuxhumana. I-prototyping egxilile kufanele iqale ekuqaleni kwenqubo yokuklama, futhi iguquke ngobunkimbinkimbi njengoba kufundwa ulwazi. Ama-prototypes amaningi agxilile angenziwa ngokuhambisana futhi ngokuhlangana nama-virtual prototypes. I-prototyping egxilile ifana nokuthandana. Ungase, isibonelo, uqale ngedethi yekhofi, uma izinto zihamba kahle, udlulela kudethi ye-movie, bese udla isidlo sakusihlwa endaweni yokudlela ngendwangu yangempela yetafula. I-prototype egxilile ayidingi ukwakhiwa ngokuphila isikhathi eside, izimo zomhlaba wangempela, noma ezinye izingqinamba eziningi ezibekwa emkhiqizweni wokugcina. Izingxenye ze-COTS zingasetshenziswa esikhundleni senkambiso, izinto kanye nezinqubo zinganakwa, futhi ukulinganisa okuvamile kungasetshenziswa. Ngakho-ke, ama-prototype agxilile angabiza kancane kakhulu, futhi abe nezikhathi zomjikelezo ezisheshayo (futhi anikeze ukwaneliseka okuningi okusheshayo), uma kuqhathaniswa ne-prototype ebanzi. Ngoba ufuna kuphela impendulo ye-analog yebo noma cha embuzweni, ukuze uqhubekele esinyathelweni esilandelayo noma usuku lwesibili.
I-prototyping ebanzi iyadingeka ukuze kuhlanganiswe nezinyathelo ezibalulekile. I-prototyping ebanzi ithatha uhambo olude nalowo muntu okhethekile. Yilapho ama-quirks obucabanga ukuthi mahle kakhulu angashintsha abe sezingeni elibi njengokuthi uhlezi esiminyaminya eduze kwesitshalo sephepha, nosana olukhalayo . Ukhiphe umuntu esimweni esiphelele, lapho ephumule khona kahle, nasekuziphatheni kwakhe okuhle, futhi wambeka esimweni esicindezelayo nesingajwayelekile. Futhi kulezi zimo, okuhle noma okubi kakhulu, isimilo sangempela sabantu sizovela.
I-Prototyping iyithuluzi eliyigugu, ngoba isiza umklami ngamunye, kanye nethimba ngobubanzi. I-Prototyping inika umklami isiqiniseko esiphathekayo sokuthi izinto zizosebenza futhi ziqondise endleleni eya phambili. Ivumela ukunikeza ukuhleleka okuthile kunqubo eyisiphithiphithi yocwaningo nentuthuko. Kwenza abadlali beqembu labaklami, futhi babonise ithalente labo, ukuze babonakale njengezihlabani ze-rock abayizo. I-Prototyping ikhuthaza ukusebenza kahle nokuxhumana. Isiza inhlangano ngokuthola umkhiqizo ongcono kakhulu ongawudayisa ngenani elincane lezinsiza. Ngithanda i-prototyping.
