Inothi loMhleli: Lesi yisihloko sezivakashi esivela ku- Hub.
Njengoba sifika ekupheleni kuka-2019, ubuchwepheshe obusebenza ngemuva kokufakwa kwedijithali ngobuningi abunciphisi nakancane. Eminyakeni emihlanu ezayo, Ama-85% ezinkampani zezimboni kulindeleke ukuthi zisebenzise ubuchwepheshe be-Industry 4.0 kuzo zonke izigaba zebhizinisi ezibalulekile. Ngenxa yalokhu, ukuhlanganiswa kokufakwa kwedijithali embonini yonke kukhiqize ukusetshenziswa kwedijithali okusebenzayo okuqala ukubonakala namuhla.
Imboni yezokukhiqiza ngenxa yenqwaba yezinselelo ibilokhu ivilapha ukwamukela imizamo ephelele yokusebenza kwedijithali. Abaholi abambalwa abaye emngceleni wezinguquko zedijithali babeke isisekelo sokuthi bonke abanye balandele.
Kodwa-ke, indlela ejwayelekile bekungukuthi 'linda ubone' ukwedlula 'umusi ogcwele phambili'. Ngenxa yalokhu, kunokungqubuzana phakathi kokulindelwe onjiniyela bomkhiqizo nezengqondo zabakhiqizi abakhulu.
Ngakho-ke ngesikhathi esedlule, abakhiqizi bebehamba kancane ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obusha, u-2020 kungenzeka ube unyaka wokwamukelwa kwedijithali okwandile. Izinhlansi sezibambile futhi nabathengisi bezitolo bephonsela inselelo isimo esikhona, imboni iqhutshelwa phambili.
"Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buguquka ngokushesha, abakhiqizi kumele baqinisekise ukuthi amasu abo oguquko kwi-Industry 4.0 noma babe sengcupheni yokuwela ngemuva kwalabo abancintisana nabo," kusho i I-2019 McKinsey future-proofing a Digital Production Transformation umbiko.
Onjiniyela emgogodleni wabo bavulekele ukuqamba nobuchwepheshe emsebenzini wabo. Kumele, noma kunjalo, ngenxa yenqubo yenqubo, basebenzisane emazingeni amaningi kulo lonke uchungechunge lwamavelu abo nezimboni ezingazange zisebenzise umqondo ofanayo ngaso sonke isikhathi. Kubo, ukwenziwa kwedijithali kwemboni yokukhiqiza kusho ukuthi bangashumeka lezi zikhathi, amandla namandla okonga imali kuyo yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza.
Kepha yibuphi ubuchwepheshe bokushayela esilindele ukububona ku-2020 futhi bazobanika kanjani amandla onjiniyela? Sihlanganise ezintathu zethu eziphezulu.
- Ukufika kokukhiqizwa kwe-inthanethi okufuneka kakhulu
Imboni yokukhiqiza edingeka kakhulu online - amapulatifomu edijithali enza yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza ngenethiwekhi yozakwethu abasatshalalisiwe - ibilokhu izama ngezinto ezintsha namamodeli ebhizinisi amasha onyakeni odlule.
Ngokwakha i-ecosystem yabakhiqizi bekhwalithi, bonke onjiniyela okufanele bakwenze ukuze kwenziwe izingxenye zabo ukuze balayishe amadizayini abo e-CAD, bacacise okokusebenza, ukuqedwa kwendawo, izimbobo ezinentambo, ukubekezelelana, kanye nesikhathi sokuhola emafini. Inkundla izobe isiqinisekisa ukuklanywa kanye nelungu lenethiwekhi esabalalisiwe enamandla okukhiqiza yengxenye ethile ezothatha iphrojekthi.
Ngaphezu kokuphrinta kwe-3D nezinsimbi, ku-inthanethi ekukhiqizeni okufunwayo izinkampani manje sezihlinzeka ngama-suites anezinqubo ezahlukahlukene kufaka phakathi i-CNC machining, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi, ukubumba umjovo, nokusakaza kwe-urethane. Ngokwazi ukufinyelela kulezi zindlela zokukhiqiza online, ukukhiqizwa kwengxenye efunwayo kuba yindlela esebenza kakhulu yokukhiqiza.
Ngenkathi le mboni isesencane, amandla eliwavulela onjiniyela likhulu kakhulu. Ngokwesiko, ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye kuthintwe yizikhathi ezinde zokuhola ukuze kuvunyelwe i-quote uqobo, kuvinjelwe ukuthuthwa kwamazwe omhlaba kanye nama-oda aphansi kakhulu akhuphula izindleko nesikhathi sokuphumula. Ngokunciphisa lezi zithiyo ezingxenyeni ezisezingeni eliphakeme, ukukhiqizwa okufunwayo online kuvumela onjiniyela ukuthi bahambise ngaphandle kokuyekethisa ukwakheka kwabo.
Ngonyaka olandelayo, silindele ukubona onjiniyela abaningi ukuphendukela ekukhiqizeni okufunwayo njengendlela yokuxazulula amaphuzu abo abuhlungu obukhulu. Kungenzeka ukuthi lokhu kuzoholela ekwandeni kokuncintisana kulo mkhakha, kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwabaholi bemakethe kuyo yonke indawo. Lokhu ekugcineni kuzoqhuba izinkundla ukuthi zamukele izinto ezintsha futhi kudonsele abakhiqizi abaningi kunethiwekhi esabalalisiwe, okuholela ekwandeni kokukhethwa konjiniyela, isikhathi esincane sokuphumula, kanye nezindleko eziphansi.
- Ukwanda kwamathuba wokubambisana namabhizinisi ahlanganyelwe
Abakhiqizi bakuthole kunzima ukweqa isigaba sokuhlola sesu labo lokwenza idijithali ngenxa yobukhulu babo obuphelele, uchungechunge lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla yomhlaba wonke, kanye nokuntuleka kwezinhloso ezicacile. Nakuba lokhu sekuqala ukushintsha, ngokuvamile izinhlangano ezinkulu zisalela emuva uma kuziwa ekwamukeleni imiqondo yedijithali ngokwezigaba zazo. Abenzi bezinqumo bayakwazi lokhu futhi ngenxa yalokho, babheke ukuletha ubungcweti bedijithali kusuka kuwo wonke amasistimu wabo wezinto eziphilayo.
"Njengoba abakhiqizi becabanga ngokwakha ubungxamo koxhaxha abalunikezayo, kuya ngokuya kukhula ukuqonda ukuthi le mizamo ayinakwenzeka yodwa," uthi I-Deloitte's 2020 Manufacturing Industry Outlook. "Isidingo sokuhlakulela uhlelo lwezinto eziphilayo oluqinile ngumkhuba osuvele, kanti ucwaningo lwethu lukhombisa ukuthi kuyisu elisebenza ngokuya phambili kubakhiqizi, ikakhulukazi njengoba liphathelene nomfutho wedijithali."
Ngokwenkampani yabeluleki, lo mkhuba kungenzeka udlale kulo nyaka ozayo ngezindlela ezimbili ezihlukile. Okokuqala, izimboni ezihlakaniphile - lezo eziseqhulwini ekuguqulweni kwedijithali - zibona izinzuzo zokubambisana kuyo yonke imvelo yazo, nokwakha amamodeli amasha ebhizinisi kanye nenani lamakhasimende abo ngesilinganiso esiphakeme kakhulu kunabancintisana nabo. AmaLaggards abenqikaze ukuhambisa manje sebefuna ukuphinda le mpumelelo kumafemu abo. Okwesibili, labo abadudula umngcele abakwenziwa okwamanje, futhi kungenzeka ukuthi baqhubeke nokwandisa imvelo yabo njengendlela yokuthola amandla abangenawo ngaphakathi endlini.
Ngenkathi abaholi abaningi bezimakethe besebenzisa leli qhinga ukuqhubekisela phambili umbono wabo wedijithali, umbiko kaDeloitte uphakamisa lokho "Uma unikezwe inani elilinganisiwe le-premium kumakhono edijithali emakethe, noma kunjalo, kungenzeka ukuthi u-2020 alethe ubambiswano namabhizinisi ahlanganyelwe kunokuba atholakale ngqo."
Ukufinyelela kwi-ecosystem yangaphandle yozakwethu kubalulekile ukugcwalisa ithalente elikhulu namandla okusilela okwenziwa ngabakhiqizi abaningi. Ngakho-ke, kungenzeka ukuthi sizobona unyaka wobambiswano phakathi kwamafemu amakhulu kanye nezilinganiso ezintsha zedijithali. Ngenxa yalokhu, onjiniyela bazohlomula ngokugxila okwandisiwe kokuhlangenwe nakho komsebenzisi, ukuxhumana kwangaphakathi, kanye nohambo lwamakhasimende oluhlelekile.
- Ukuvela kokuphrinta kwe-3D kube yimboni ezimele yezohwebo
Okuqale njengobuchwepheshe obusetshenziselwe ikakhulukazi ukwenza prototyping namathoyizi onjiniyela sekuguqukele embonini kukodwa. Ukuphrinta kwe-3D kubhekwa njengenye yezinto eziphazamisa kakhulu bonke ubuchwepheshe be-Industry 4.0. “Njengento esemqoka ekuguqulweni kwe-Industry 4.0, i-3DP iguquka njengenye yezinto ezingasebenza ekuthuthukiseni umkhiqizo nasekukhiqizeni okuvamile” kusho iphepha elimhlophe le-PwC ku-I4.0 kusukela ngasekupheleni konyaka odlule.
Ukushayela imboni phambili ukufika kwezinto ezintsha kule minyaka embalwa edlule; izicelo ziyaqhuma. Ekuqaleni kwakutholakala amapulasitiki amancane kuphela ukuze asetshenziswe emisebenzini yokunyathelisa. Namuhla ukwengezwa kwezinto ezifana nokhonkolo, insimbi, noyinki wezinhlayiyana ze-nano kukhulise amandla okuqamba okusha ngokuqhubekayo.
Ngokufika kwamaphrinta amakhulu, asheshayo, futhi ayinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, onjiniyela banamandla okwakha izinto ngesilinganiso esikhulu kakhulu kunangaphambili. Isibonelo, amaphrinti amane e-3D amangalisa kakhulu kusukela kulo nyaka yilezi:
- Inhliziyo yomuntu wokuqala ephrintiwe ye-3D yanyatheliswa kwa-Israel kulo nyaka kusetshenziswa izinto eziphilayo zesiguli. Abacwaningi baseNyuvesi yaseTel Aviv baphrinte inhliziyo eyenziwe nge-vascularised besebenzisa amaseli esiguli kanye nezinto eziphilayo.
- Inyuvesi yaseMaine isanda kuqeda isikebhe esiphrintiwe esikhulu kunazo zonke se-3D, i-tonne emibili, i-7.5m cruiser, okuyiyona ngxenye eqinile eyedlula yonke ephrintiwe ye-3D.
- Injini ye-SpaceX's Crew Dragon yayingu yakhiwe ngokuphelele nge-3D yensimbi yokuphrinta. Umkhumbi-mkhathi wenziwa ukuba ube yizimoto eziphephe kakhulu zomkhathi womuntu ezake zakhiwa futhi uqedele ukuthunywa okungu-16 ukuya nokubuya e-International Space Station.
- Intengo yezindlu zokuphrinta ze-3D zonke ezikusayithi yehle kakhulu noma yikuphi phakathi kuka- $ 4,000 no- $ 10,000, kuniketa kufinyelela etindlini letiphephile naletingabiti kulabo labaswele.
Yize eminyakeni edlule, ubuchwepheshe be-3D bokuphrinta obufana nensimbi nokhonkolo bebize kakhulu, ukusakazwa okuqhubekayo kwezinto ezintsha sekuzihlanganise nenqubo yokukhiqiza ejwayelekile.
Njengoba amaphrinta ngokwawo ethuthuka ngejubane elisheshayo, asondela kulokho embonini okubhekwa njenge-grail engcwele yokuphrinta kwe-3D. Ukuphrinta ngezinto eziningi, ubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D obuzovumela onjiniyela ukuthi baklame besebenzisa inhlanganisela yemicu ehlukahlukene.
Le ndlela yokuphrinta iyi ilungele ukuvula inani elikhulu kunawo wonke amasu wokunyathelisa we-3D. Nakuba izinyathelo zenziwe zokwethula ukuphrinta kwezinto eziningi endaweni ye-prototyping, lobu buchwepheshe bubukeka buzothuthukela ekusetshenzisweni kwezohwebo phakathi nonyaka olandelayo noma emibili.
2020 nangaphezulu
Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, le ntuthuko yezobuchwepheshe izovumela onjiniyela ukuba babe nenkululeko eyengeziwe ekwakhiweni kwabo, bakhiqize ekukhiqizeni kwabo, futhi baphumelele ekunikezeni kwabo. Ukuvela kwezinto zokwakha kanye nemishini ngokwayo inochwepheshe ababikezela ukuthi Imboni yokuphrinta ye-3D izokhula ibe nenani elingaphezulu kwama- $ 50 billion ngonyaka ka-2026. Ngeza ngaphezulu kwalesi samba imboni yokukhiqiza edingeka ngokushesha kanye namathuba obambiswano kulo lonke leli bhodi, futhi sesiqala ukubona unyaka we-2020 njengesisekelo senqubo esheshayo esetshenziswayo embonini yezokukhiqiza.
Mayelana umbhali: UFilemon Schoffer ungumsunguli kanye neCCO ye- Amahabhu, ipulatifomu yokukhiqiza online enika onjiniyela amandla okwenza imikhiqizo yezinguquko, eyenziwe ngaphandle kokuyekethisa.
