Ƙirƙirar tsarin software na zamani aiki ne mai matuƙar wahala: girman girman software ɗin ya zarce dubun dubatar masu aiki. Don ƙirƙirar irin waɗannan samfuran software yadda ya kamata, ƙwararren dole ne ya fahimci hanyoyin bincike, ƙira, aiwatarwa, da gwajin tsarin software. Hakanan yana da mahimmanci a fahimci hanyoyin da ake amfani da su da fasaha.
Haɓaka samfuran software, kamar kowane tsarin hadaddun, ana aiwatar da shi cikin matakai ta amfani da tsarin toshe-tsari. Yana nuna haɓakar samfuri a cikin sassan tare da haɗuwa na gaba. A kowane mataki, ana yin wasu ayyukan ƙira, waɗanda aka rubuta daidai. Jerin matakai da sakamakonsu suna bin tsarin zagayowar rayuwar software.
Bugu da kari, tsarin aiwatarwa dole ne ya kasance tare da nau'ikan takaddun shirye-shiryen, alal misali, ƙayyadaddun ƙayyadaddun bayanai, jagorar shirye-shirye, jagorar mai amfani, jagorar ma'aikaci, da sauransu. Don haka, ikon ƙirƙirar takaddun software tabbas ya zama dole don mai haɓaka software. Za ki iya Kamfanin Go kuma sami mafi kyawun eLearning ƙwararren haɓaka software. Amma idan kuna son ƙarin koyo game da matakan da ke tattare da haɓaka software, to jagorar mai zuwa zai taimaka. Yi ƙoƙarin ware isasshen lokaci don nazarin mahimman abu game da haɓaka software na ilimi.
Wadanne matakai Tsarin Ci gaban Software ya haɗa?
Tsarin haɓaka software na e-learning ya ƙunshi ayyuka da ayyukan da mai haɓaka ke yi kuma yana rufe ƙirƙirar software da abubuwan da ke cikinta daidai da ƙayyadaddun buƙatun. Waɗannan sun haɗa da ƙira da takaddun aiki, da kuma shirye-shiryen abubuwan da ake buƙata don bincika ayyuka da ingancin samfuran software, kayan da ake buƙata don horar da ma'aikata, da sauransu.
- Ayyukan shirye-shirye - zaɓin tsarin tsarin rayuwa, ma'auni, hanyoyin haɓakawa, da kayan aiki, da kuma tsara tsarin aiki;
- Binciken buƙatun don tsarin - ƙayyadaddun ayyukansa, buƙatun mai amfani, buƙatun don aminci da tsaro, buƙatun don musaya na waje, da dai sauransu;
- Tsarin gine-ginen tsarin - ƙayyadaddun kayan aiki masu mahimmanci, software, da ayyukan da ma'aikatan sabis suka yi;
- Binciken buƙatun software - magance ayyuka, gami da halayen aiki, yanayin yanki, musaya na waje, aminci da ƙayyadaddun aminci, buƙatun ergonomic, buƙatun bayanai, shigarwa, karɓa, takaddun mai amfani, aiki, da goyan baya;
- Tsarin gine-ginen software - ma'anar tsarin software, tattara bayanan musaya na abubuwan da ke tattare da shi, haɓaka sigar farko na takaddun mai amfani, da buƙatun gwaje-gwaje da tsarin haɗin kai;
- Cikakken ƙirar software - cikakken bayanin abubuwan software da mu'amala tsakanin su, sabunta takaddun mai amfani, haɓakawa da rubuta buƙatun don gwaje-gwaje da tsarin gwaji don abubuwan software, sabunta tsarin haɗin gwiwar ɓangaren;
- Ƙididdigar software da gwaji - haɓakawa da takaddun shaida na kowane bangare, da kuma tsarin tsarin gwaji da bayanai don gwajin su, sabunta takardun mai amfani, da sabunta shirin haɗin gwiwar software;
- Haɗin software - haɗar abubuwan software daidai da haɗin software da shirin gwaji don biyan bukatun cancanta. Waɗannan saitin sharuɗɗa ne ko sharuɗɗa waɗanda dole ne a cika su don cancantar samfurin software kamar yadda ya dace da ƙayyadaddun sa kuma a shirye don amfani a cikin yanayin aiki;
- Gwajin cancantar software - gwajin software a gaban abokin ciniki don nuna yarda da buƙatu da shirye-shiryen aiki. A lokaci guda, ana kuma bincika shirye-shiryen da cikar takaddun fasaha na mai amfani;
- Haɗin tsarin - haɗuwa da duk sassan tsarin, ciki har da software da hardware;
- Gwajin cancanta na tsarin - gwada tsarin don biyan bukatun, duba ƙira da cikar takaddun;
- Shigar da software - shigar da software akan kayan abokin ciniki da tabbatar da aiki;
- Yarda da software - kimanta sakamakon gwajin cancantar software da tsarin gaba ɗaya, canja wurin software na ƙarshe ga abokin ciniki.
Tushen Samfuran Tsarin Rayuwar Software a cikin E-learning Software Development Company
Manufar zagayowar rayuwar software ta bayyana ne a lokacin da al'ummar da ke tsara shirye-shirye suka fahimci buƙatar ƙaura daga hanyoyin fasaha na haɓaka software zuwa fasaha, da samar da masana'antu. Kamar yadda yakan faru a cikin yanayi iri ɗaya, masu shirye-shiryen sun yi ƙoƙarin canja wurin ƙwarewar sauran abubuwan masana'antu zuwa filin su. Musamman ma, an aro manufar tsarin rayuwa.
Manyan masana na kamfanonin haɓaka software na ilimi sun lura cewa tsarin rayuwar software lokaci ne da ke farawa daga lokacin yanke shawara game da buƙatar ƙirƙirar samfurin software kuma yana ƙarewa a lokacin da aka cire gaba ɗaya daga aiki. Wannan zagayowar shine tsarin ginawa da haɓaka software.
Manufar sake zagayowar rayuwa ta tashi a ƙarƙashin rinjayar buƙatar tsara aiki a cikin tsarin haɓaka software. Tsarin tsari shine mataki na farko akan hanyar yin aiki da kai na tsarin haɓaka software. Matakai na gaba na canzawa zuwa sarrafa kansa na tsarin haɓaka software sun kasance kamar haka:
- Ƙaddamar da hanyoyin fasaha na ayyukan masu haɓaka software;
- Ƙayyade yuwuwar sarrafa su ta atomatik da gano haɗari;
- Haɓaka kayan aiki don sarrafa kansa.
Yin amfani da ra'ayin zagayowar rayuwa yana ba da damar zaɓar hanyoyin da suka fi tasiri ga ayyuka na wani mataki na rayuwar software. Dangane da ci gaban software da fasalin tafiyar matakai, akwai nau'ikan tsarin rayuwa daban-daban.
Misalin Waterfall
V. Royce ya gabatar da samfurin Waterfall na yanayin rayuwa a cikin 1970. Misalin Waterfall na tsarin rayuwar software ya taso don biyan buƙatun tsarin aiki a farkon matakan haɓaka shirye-shirye. Dangane da wannan ƙirar, tsarin software yana tafiya ta matakai biyu a cikin ci gaban su:
- Ci gaba;
- Kulawa.
An raba matakan zuwa matakai da yawa. Samfurin Waterfall ya ƙunshi aiwatar da jeri-nauyi na dukkan matakai na aikin a cikin tsayayyen tsari. Canji zuwa mataki na gaba yana nufin kammala aikin a matakin da ya gabata.
Samfurin Agile (Tsarin haɓakawa da haɓakawa)
Samfurin Agile ya ƙunshi rarrabuwar tsarin rayuwar aikin zuwa jeri-na-fito, wanda kowannensu yayi kama da ƙaramin aiki tare da duk matakan zagayowar rayuwa. Tsarin Agile na gargajiya yana tabbatar da yiwuwar dawowa zuwa matakan da suka gabata. Wannan yanayin yana nuna wani muhimmin al'amari na haɓaka software: sha'awar tsammanin duk yanayin amfani da tsarin gaba da rashin yiwuwar a mafi yawan lokuta don cimma wannan.
Duk dabarun shirye-shirye na al'ada suna nufin rage dawowa kawai. Amma ainihin ba ya canzawa daga wannan: lokacin dawowa, koyaushe dole ne ku sake maimaita ginin abin da aka riga aka yi la'akari da shi a shirye.
Tsarin Gyara
A cikin ƙirar karkace, haɓaka shirye-shirye yana ɗaukar nau'i na jeri na maimaitawa. A cikin matakan farko, an bayyana ƙayyadaddun samfuran, a cikin matakai na gaba, ana ƙara sabbin abubuwa da ayyuka. A cewar kamfanonin software na eLearning, manufar wannan ƙirar ita ce sake tantance haɗarin ci gaba da aikin a ƙarshen kowane juzu'i.
Kammalawa
Tsarin haɓaka software a cikin kamfanin haɓaka software na ilimi galibi ana ɗaukarsa aiki na ƙwararru ne da nufin biyan bukatun masu amfani wajen sarrafa ayyukansu. Kamar kowane aikin gama gari, yana buƙatar tsari da gudanarwa. Wannan tsari wani lokaci yana da tsayi, yana haɗa ta hanyar samarwa da sauran alaƙa waɗanda za a iya ɗauka su ne masu samar da shirin zuwa mataki ɗaya ko wani.
